Weather in Berzo San Fermo for 10 days

Th
12 Dec
Fr
13
St
14
Su
15
Mo
16
Tu
17
We
18
Th
19
Fr
20
St
21
+439
032
+236
−130
+745
+134
+948
+134
+846
+745
+948
+745
+1254
+846
+1050
+643
+948
+846
+948
−130
Maximum wind speed, m/s Maximum wind speed, mph Maximum wind speed, km/h
5 11 18
11 24 40
14 30 50
8 17 29
5 11 18
5 11 18
6 13 22
14 30 50
15 32 54
17 37 61
Precipitation, mm
1.8
5.5
0
0
0.7
5.1
2.1
15.1
31.5
19
Other parameters

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    Average daily temperature

    Th
    12 Dec
    Fr
    13
    St
    14
    Su
    15
    Mo
    16
    Tu
    17
    We
    18
    Th
    19
    Fr
    20
    St
    21
    +236
    +134
    +337
    +541
    +745
    +846
    +1050
    +846
    +846
    +643

    Wind, m/s, mph, km/h

    Th
    12 Dec
    Fr
    13
    St
    14
    Su
    15
    Mo
    16
    Tu
    17
    We
    18
    Th
    19
    Fr
    20
    St
    21
    2 4 7
    SW
    2 4 7
    NW
    3 6 11
    NW
    2 4 7
    NE
    1 2 4
    N
    1 2 4
    E
    1 2 4
    NE
    3 6 11
    NE
    4 9 14
    NE
    4 9 14
    NE
    Gusts
    5 11 18
    11 24 40
    14 30 50
    8 17 29
    5 11 18
    5 11 18
    6 13 22
    14 30 50
    15 32 54
    17 37 61

    Pressure, mmHg, inHg, hPa

    Th
    12 Dec
    Fr
    13
    St
    14
    Su
    15
    Mo
    16
    Tu
    17
    We
    18
    Th
    19
    Fr
    20
    St
    21
    73497928.9
    72296328.4
    71995928.3
    71094728
    72596728.5
    71595328.1
    73397728.9
    72796928.6
    73698129
    73497928.9
    73497928.9
    73497928.9
    73397728.9
    73297628.8
    72796928.6
    72696828.6
    71795628.2
    72696828.6
    71395128.1

    Relative humidity, %

    Th
    12 Dec
    Fr
    13
    St
    14
    Su
    15
    Mo
    16
    Tu
    17
    We
    18
    Th
    19
    Fr
    20
    St
    21
    90
    88
    72
    70
    85
    89
    89
    88
    89
    84

    Ultraviolet index, points

    Th
    12 Dec
    Fr
    13
    St
    14
    Su
    15
    Mo
    16
    Tu
    17
    We
    18
    Th
    19
    Fr
    20
    St
    21
    2
    1
    2
    2
    1
    1
    1
    0
    1
    1
    0 – 2Low
    3 – 5Moderate
    6 – 7High
    8 – 10Very high
    11+Extreme

    Geomagnetic activity, Kp-index

    Th
    12 Dec
    Fr
    13
    St
    14
    Su
    15
    Mo
    16
    Tu
    17
    We
    18
    Th
    19
    Fr
    20
    St
    21
    2
    2
    3
    3
    2
    2
    4
    4
    4
    3
    0...
    4
    Small disturbances
    5
    Minor storm
    6
    Moderate storm
    7
    Strong storm
    8
    Storm
    9
    Extreme storm

    Weather on the map of Europe

    Precipitation
    Precipitation
    Temperature
    Temperature
    Wind
    Wind
    Clouds
    Clouds
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    Ultraviolet index

    The sun is the source of life on the planet. Its rays provide us with much needed light and heat. However, ultraviolet radiation from the sun is harmful to all living things. To find a balance between beneficial and harmful effects of the sun, meteorologists estimate the ultraviolet index that reflects the degree of its danger.

    Types of ultraviolet radiation from the sun

    Ultraviolet radiation from the sun has a range of wavelengths and is divided into three types, two of which reach the Earth’s surface.

    • UVA. Long-wave radiation covering the range from 315 to 400 nm

      The rays almost freely pass through all atmospheric ‘barriers’ and reach the Earth’s surface.

    • UVB. Medium-wave radiation covering the range from 280 to 315 nm

      90% of the rays are absorbed by the ozone layer, carbon dioxide and water vapor.

    • UVC. Short-wave radiation covering the range from 100 to 280 nm

      The most dangerous type. It is completely absorbed by stratospheric ozone before reaching the Earth’s surface.

    The more ozone, clouds and aerosols the atmosphere has, the less harmful the sun’s effects are. However, those saving factors have a high natural variability. Stratospheric ozone exhibits seasonality with maximum in spring and minimum in autumn. Cloudiness is one of the most unstable weather characteristics. Carbon dioxide levels also change over time.

    What UV index is dangerous?

    The UV index shows the amount of UV radiation expected to reach the Earth’s surface. The UV index ranges on a scale of 0 (Low) to 11+ (Extreme).

    • 0 – 2 Low
    • 3 – 5 Moderate
    • 6 – 7 High
    • 8 – 10 Very high
    • 11+ Extreme

    In mid-latitudes, the UV index reaches unsafe values (6-7) only when the sun is at its maximum elevation (late June — early July). At the equator, the UV index ranges from 9 to 11+ throughout the year.

    Positive effects of ultraviolet radiation

    Small amounts of UV radiation are beneficial to people, play an essential role in the production of melanin, serotonin and vitamin D, and help prevent rickets.

    Melanin creates a barrier to protect the skin cells from the harmful effects of the sun. It makes our skin darker and more elastic.

    ‘Happiness hormone’ serotonin improves our health: it boosts mood and increases overall vitality.

    Vitamin D strengthens the immune system, stabilizes blood pressure and prevents rickets.

    What are the dangers of the sun?

    When tanning, you should remember there is a fine line between beneficial and harmful UV radiation. Excessive tanning is similar to a burn. Ultraviolet radiation damages DNA in skin cells.

    The protective system of the body cannot cope with such an aggressive impact. It lowers immunity, damages the retina, accelerates skin ageing and can cause cancer.

    UV light destroys the DNA chain

    How does the sun affect people?

    Susceptibility to UV radiation depends on skin type. People of European descent are the most sensitive to the sun and need protection when the index reaches 3, while the index of 6 is considered dangerous.

    At the same time, the limits for Indonesians and African-Americans stand at 6 and 8, respectively.

    Who is more likely to get sun damage?

    • Light-skinned people

    • People with many moles

    • Children

    • People living in the mid-latitudes when on vacation in the south

    • Ice fishing enthusiasts

    • Skiers and climbers

    • People with a family history of skin cancer

    In what kind of weather is the sun more dangerous?

    The idea that the sun is dangerous only in hot and fine weather is a common misconception. You can get a sunburn when it’s cool or cloudy outside.

    Clouds, no matter how thick, do not reduce UV radiation to zero. Clouds significantly reduce the risk of getting a sunburn in the mid-latitudes but not in traditional beach holiday destinations. For example, in the tropics, you can get a sunburn in 30 minutes if it is sunny and in a couple of hours if it is cloudy.

    How to protect yourself from the sun

    Follow these simple rules to protect yourself from the harmful effects of the sun:

    • Don’t spend much time in the sun around noon

    • Wear light-colored clothing and wide-brimmed hats

    • Wear sunscreen

    • Wear sunglasses

    • When on the beach, spend as much time in the shade as possible

    How to choose sunscreen

    Sunscreens have varying levels of SPF. Rated on a scale from 2 to 50+, it shows you the amount of solar radiation that breaks through the cream and reaches the skin.

    For example, when applying a sunscreen with SPF 15, only 1/15, or 7% of ultraviolet rays will break through the protective film. Only 1/50, or 2% of the rays will affect the skin if you use a sunscreen with SPF 50.

    Sunscreen creates a reflective layer on the skin. However, you should know that no sunscreen can reflect 100% of UV rays.

    An SPF 15 sunscreen is enough for everyday use, if you spend less than half an hour in the sun. When tanning, you should opt for SPF 30 or more, while light-skinned people should use SPF 50+ sunscreen.

    How to apply sunscreen

    Apply enough sunscreen to cover all exposed skin, including the face, ears and neck. If you plan to stay in the sun for a long time, sunscreen should be applied twice: 30 minutes before leaving home and before hitting the beach.

    The recommended amount of sunscreen is stated on the packaging.

    How to apply sunscreen if you’re swimming

    You should re-apply your sunscreen after swimming. Water destroys the protective film and increases the amount of ultraviolet radiation by reflecting the sun’s rays. Thus, the risk of getting a sunburn increases when you’re swimming, but you may not feel the burn due to the cooling effect of water.

    Re-apply your sunscreen in case of excessive sweating and towelling.

    You should remember that even the shade under an umbrella cannot fully protect you on the beach. Sand, water and even grass reflect up to 20% of UV rays, increasing their impact on the skin.

    How to protect your eyes

    Sunlight reflected from water, snow or sand can cause painful retinal burns. Wear sunglasses with a UV filter to protect your eyes.

    Sun damage in skiers and climbers

    The atmospheric ‘filter’ is thinner in the mountains. The UV index increases by 5% with every 100 meters in altitude.

    Snow reflects up to 85% of ultraviolet rays. In addition, up to 80% of UV rays reflected by snow are once again reflected by clouds.

    Thus, the sun is the most dangerous in the mountains. Protect your face, lower part of the chin and ears even when it’s cloudy.

    How to treat a sunburn

    • Apply a wet sponge to the skin to moisten the burn

    • Apply a burn ointment to the burnt skin

    • Consult a doctor, if you notice an increase in your body temperature, as you may need to take an antipyretic

    • If the burn is severe (there are blisters and swelling), seek medical attention

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